Valve



May 1l 1926.v 1,583,960

D. P. coRcoRAN VALVE Filed August 14, 1924 illlmmnnmL @nj VZW .lll

Patented 1l,

:DANIEL 1. oonconAaN, or e-nnnny, @Auron-nin.

VALVE Application `filed August 14, `1924. -Seriajl No. v,-'73i1-922 YThe invention relates -to valves Jfor controlling the flow of liquid and particularly to` compensating valves in which the moviement ot' the valve element is effected by the pressure oi the liquid being controlled.

An object of the invention -is to provide valve operable under 'high or loW pressure, Which is opened and closed by the pressure ot the liquid controlled by the valve.

Another object of the invention is to provide a float controlled valve in which the movement of the valve is controlledv but not caused by the movement ofthe float. l

Another object of the invention is to provide a valve adapted to be controlled byua float. Whieh is fully opened to permit the tree How of liquid when the float falls to a. predetermined level and which is quickly closed when the oat rises to ailiigher predetermined level.

Another object ofthe invention is `:to piovide a valve through Which liquidwill iiovv for a predetermined ,time after aotuation 4of the valve control means. t

The invention possesses other advantageous jleatnres, some ot `which with the toregoing, will be set forth at length in the vfollowing description Where I shall ,outline in full those forms of the `invention lwhich I have selected for illustration in thedrawing-s accompanying and forming part of the present specification. In said drawings I have sho-Wn several types of valves Vembodying my invention, but it isto be understood that I do `notvlimitv myself to such forms, vSince the inventionas set torthin the claims, mayv be embodied in a `plurality of other forms.

Referring to said drawings: Y Figure lis aside elevation, partlyinisection, of the valveo'f my invention,arranged torcontrol the liovv of water into a flushing tank, such as is used in -conr'ieotion with toilets.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through a valve embodying my `inventionand adapted to control the `flow of water into `a container, such as a water trough for providing yWater for cattle andhorses.

Figure 3 is an endelevation o-'theupper portion of the valve shown in Figure '2.

Figure ,4 is a vertical section through a basin cock embodying lthe valve 0f my .in-

vention.

In accordance with my invention, I pro-l vide a valve Whichis operated L-by .the pressure of the liquid, the lovv of which `is controlled by the valve. v'l1-1,1@ valve @provided with a .differential .pistols wh-h exposed on opposite sides to the pressure of .the liquid andthe move-ment of thevajlve is Controlled by controllingtjhe pressuleoffthe liquidon the side ot Itherlpiston having vthe greater area. `In accordance with thepresent lembodiment of the invention, release 4of the pressure ion the side ,of greatest larea ol the piston, `,oa-uses the `:pressure iapplied to the other side .ofthe piston .to imseat (the valve and an increase in ,pressure on the A'side of the piston ofgreater area serves to move the valve against its seaitand `to holdfthe valve seated by the differential pressure. The invention includes means vfor Acontrolling they pressure .of the liquid. on. the side ,of :the piston yhav-ing the'greater area and this `oontrol ,means may ,be actuated in any ,desirable manner, suchfas fby a filoat or by hand. yThe valve i-sirpartieularly adapted .t0 ,control'the jow water intoaoolltainer,Punderconditions j-in Whieh the' 110W offwaater .is xto be iiiterrnpted vvhen the level .of @the Water in the container `reaches a tpredetermined height. The valve may also'zbe ,employed to inaintain-the ,level .othe Water ,in a oontainer rbetween ,predetermined limitsythe dall of the 4level to :the lower limit serving ,to oper-ate @the Qontrolflmeanseto openizthe valve and fthe vrise of'ithe level ,to the upper vlimit serving to operate theoontrol ineansto close the valve.

In Figure 1 I have .shownwthe invention embodied 4in a Avalve which controls ,the flovv of Water into a :flushing tank,suoh as aftoilet tank. The valve oomprisesa lvalve `lbody 2 i having' an inlet `fport `3 and an outlet ,ipo-rt 4. .The vbody is provided With a vchamber 5 with Which .said ,ports .are 'in communication `and .through which :the liquid flows. In the construction shown in'iFigure i1, the Wateiwenters Ithe inlet yport 3 through the supply pipe f6 which extends through tthe bottom -7 i of ithe ,tank andxdisoharges into thetank :through :the discharge'pipe 8. A bowl 4,refilling .pipe 9 is yconnected to the. dischargeport lofthesvalve andiextends over and discharges/,into the hollow overovvlpipe (not shown.) :of the tank, ,to Jfurnishsuiicient .Water to insure :filling lthe bowl, after thebovvl vhas been@flushed. v

v'llhevalvebody is provided avvith a valve seat i12 with which islassoeiated a Pvalve 113. rl-'he chamber `5 in #the valve body is provided with aslightlyconical extension chamber 14 which is preferably inaxial alinement with the valve seat and, secured to or formed on the upper end of the valve 13 is a piston or head 15 which is disposed in the chamber 14, The piston 15 is a differential piston having a circular top surface 16 of greater area than its annular bottom surface 17. rlhe chamber 14 is closed` att-he top by a cap 18 having therein a vent 19 through which liquid may discharge from that portion of the chamber 14 which lies above the piston. Means'are providedfor controlling the discharge of water through the vent 19 to control the pressure of the water on the upper or larger surfacefof the piston 15, When the pressure of the water on the upper surface of the piston is lequal `to the pressure of the water on the lower annular surface of the piston, there is an excess of downward pressure on the piston, which moves the valve to its seat or holds the'valvevon its seat. When thepressure' in the chamber above the piston is released, the pressure on the under annular surface is greater than the pressure on the top surface and the differential pressure moves the valve upward and away from its seat. The chamber 14 ispreferably made oi' increasing diameter upwardly so that as the piston 15moves upward inthe chamber a greater clearance isv provided between'the chamber wall and the side face of the piston. When the piston is in its lower position, it lits rather snugly in the chamber `but still provides for the passage of water past the piston into the chamber 14-abovethe piston. The description heretofore givenof Figure 1 applies also to the structures shown in Figures 2 and 4, the differences in the structures shown in these gures being embodied in the means for controlling the discharge of water through the vent 19. i

Referring now to Figure 2, in which the valve is shown on a somewhat larger scale, the valve is shown in the" closed position and it is assumed that water under pres-- sure is present in the inlet port 3 and in the chambers and 14. The water leaks past the piston and consequently the total pressure on the piston 15 produces a downward pressure on the valve, holding -it te its, seat. `When the vent 19 *isopened water discharges through the vent, 1reducing the pressure in the chamber 14, so that the piston and consequently the valve is moved upward by the pressure of the water against the underside of the piston. The piston thus moves upwardly in the chamber 14, When the vent 19 is closed, pressure accumulates in the chamber 14, due to the passage of water past the piston and as this pressure accumulates it forces the piston and the valve downwardly to seat the valve. By forming the chamber 14 of gradually increasing diameter upwardly, the water will flow more rapidly into the chamber y14 when the piston is raised, thereby providing for a more rapid initial downward movement' of the valve, and the water will flow more slowly into the chamber as the piston lowers, thereby providing for a less rapid downward movement of the valve.

In the constructions shown in Figures 1 and 2, the flow of liquid through the vent 19 is controlled by a float which is disposed in the liquid in the tank or trough. In the construction shown in Figure 1, rthe discharge 'of liquid through the vent 19 is controlled by a Avalve'22 carried by the lever 23, which is pivoted on an ear 24 on the cap 18. Pivoted to the ear 24 above the lever 23 isa lever 25 which is provided at its outer end with'av float 26. n The inner end of the lever 25 lies above the lever 23 so that upward -movement of the viioat causes downward movement'of the lever 23, closing the vent 19 Downward movement ofthe float 26 releases the lever 23 and permits the water in the chamber 14 to escape through the vent 19. The downward movement of the lioat 26 is limited by a stop 27 formed on the ear 24.

.In the construction shown in Figure 2, I have provided a .lost motion device between the float lever 25 and the valve lever 23, so thatthe valve lever is not released until the float has fallen to a predetermined low level and so that the valve lever is not moved to close the vent 19 until the float has been raised to a predetermined high level. The lever' 25 is fulcrurned on a pin 28 mounted ony the ears 24 formed on the cap 18. Journailed on the pin 28 is a cam lever 31 which, in one position holds the lever 23 in position to close the vent 19 and, in the other position, is moved so that the lever 23 may be raised by the pressure of the water in the chamber 14, thus opening the vent 19. The cam lever 31 is provided above and below the lever 25 with pins'or extensions 32 and 33 which are adapted to be engaged by the lever l25 as the iioat moves, to rock the cam lever on its fulcrum. In Figure 2 the lever 23 is shown in its depressed position, closing the vent 19, the float 26 being elevated. As the level of the water in the trough is low ered, the .float 26 falls and, after it has moved downward a predetermined distance, the lever 25 comes into Contact with the pin 33, so that furthermovement of the float downward ycauses the cam lever 31 to be rocked on its fulcrum torelease the lever 23. The vent 19 is then opened and the valve 13 is raised, permitting water to flow into the trough and thus raise the float 26. The initial upward movement of the float has no effect rupon the valve 13, so that the valve is fully opened. As the level of the water reaches its predeterminedheight, th'e lever 25 engages the pin 32 and the further upward movement of the float causes the cam lever 31 to be rocked to move the lever 23 downward to close the vent 19; Water under pressure then'enters the chamber 14 and the valve-isclosed. lt is apparent Ifrom this construction that the valve is held fully opened fnntil the water reaches 'its predetermined high level, at which time the valve is quickly closed. This prevents any dripping oit' water from "the valve and prevents the valve lfrom reaching a critical position in which the valve is slightly cracked and water is very slowly -owing through the valve. This construction has the further advantage oi` preventing the iiow oi? water through the valve and the consequent hissing ot' the valve due to slight variations in the `level of the water in the trough, such as ripples.

In Figure 4 Iihave shown the valve of my invention embodied in-a basin cock, the function ot which is to remain open ttor a short time ai'ter the handle has vbeen released, so that water will discharge from the valve. The passage of water through the vent 19 is controlled by the spring pressed valve piu 35, which 4is mounted in the extension piece 36 `secured to the valve body. rlhe pin 35 is provided on its upper end with a head 3T, under which'engages a cam 38 on the stem 39 of the handle 42. The handle `is movable through an arc to bring the high point oi? the cam 38 under the head 37 to raise the valve `pin and is returned 'to neutral position by the spring 13. It is apparent that whenthe handle 42`is released and the vent 19 closed, vthat the valve 15 will start downwardlyand that water will tiowthroughthe valve body until the valve reaches its seat. By making the tapering clearancebtween the chamber 14 and the piston 15 very small, the downward movement of the valve 18 will be slow. In this construction the valve body is provided with a drain conduit 15 so that the water which discharges through the vent 19 is conveyed to the discharge port 4 ot' the cock.

l claim:

1. A valve comprising a valve body enclosing a valve chamber provided with inlet and outlet ports, a valve seat in said body between said ports, a valve plugassociated with said seat and disposed within said chamber, said chamber having a generally conical .portion above said plug, a piston on the plug disposed in said generally conical chamber, the inlet port opening into the chamber below the piston, the pressure of the liquid entering the inlet port serving to force liquid past the piston into the chamber above the piston, depressing the piston and moving the valve against its seat, the chamber above the piston beingl provided with a vent and a iioatfor controlling the opening and closing ot the vent to control the pressure in the cylinder above the piston.

- 2. Ava'lve `comprising a valve body `enclosing a valve chamber provided with vinlet and outlet ports, a valve seat in said body betweensaid ports, a valve plug associated with said seat and disposed within said chamber, said chamber having a generally conical portion above said plug, a piston on theplug disposed 'in said'generally conical chamber, the inlet port opening into the chamber belouy the piston, the pressure of the liquid entering the inlet port serving to force liquid past the piston into the chamber above the piston, depressing the piston and moving thefvalve against its seat, the chambor above the piston being provided with a vent, a valve controlling the opening and closing `otsaid vent and a float controlling the position of said latter valvc.

3. A valve comprising a valve body enclosing a valve chamber provided with inlet and out-let ports, a valve seat in said body between said ports, a valve plug associated with said seat and disposed within said chamber, said chamber 'having a generally conical portion above said plug, a piston on the plug disposed in said generally conical' chamber, the inlet port opening into the chamber below the piston, 'the pressure of the liquid entering'the inlet port serving to 'lorce liquid past the piston `into the chamber above the piston, depressing the piston and moving the valve against its seat, the chamber above the piston being prov'ded with a vent, a valve controlling the opening and closing of said vent, a iioat and a lost motion device interposed between the latter valve `and `the vfloat, and operated by the float for vcontrolling the position of the valve.

4. A valve comprising a `ivalve :body en-A closing a valve chamber provided with inlet and outlet ports, a valve seat in said body between said ports, a valve plug associated with said seat and disposed within said chamber, said chamber having a generally conical portion above said plug, a piston on the plug disposed in said generally conical chamber, the inlet port opening into the chamber below the piston, the pressure of the liquid entering the inlet port serving lto torce liquid past the piston into the cham ber above the piston, depressing the piston and moving the valve against its seat, the chamber above the piston being provided with a vent, a valve controlling the opening and closing of the vent, means operated by a rise in the level of the liquid in the container into which the valve discharges, to

a predetermined level to close the vent and by a fall in the level of the liquid to a lower predetermined level to open the vent.

5. A valve comprising a valve body enclosing a valve chamber provided with inlet and outlet ports, a valve seat in said body between said ports, a valve plug associated titi with said seat and disposed within said chamber, said chamber having a generally conical portion above said plug,a piston on the plug disposed in said generally conical chamber, the inlet. port opening intovthe chamber below the piston,`the pressure of the liquid entering the inlet port serving to 'force liquid past the piston into the chamber above the piston, depressing the piston and moving the valve against its seat`, `the chamber above the piston being provided with a vent, a valve controlling the opening and closing of said vent, a rod pivot-ed adjacent said valve, a float on said rod und a lost motion device between the rod and the latter valve.

G. A valve comprising a` valve body enclosing' a chamber having inlet and outlet ports, a valve adapted to close the outlet port, a piston on said valve having a top surface of greater area than its bottom sur- Ytace, a chamber ol2 :increasing diameter upwardly in which said piston is disposed, whereby the rate of leakage past the piston varies in accordance with the position of the piston in the chamber and means for controlling the discharge of liquid from the chamber above the piston.

7V. A valve comprising a valve body enclosing' a chamber having inlet and outlet ports, said chamber having an upwardly 'flaring cylindrical extension in axial alinement with the outlet port, a valve adapted to close the outlet port, apiston secured to and disposed above said valve and disposed in said cylindrical chamber, said cylindrical chamber being provided above the pis` ton with a vent and means for controlling the discharge of liquid through said vent.

8. A vvalve comprising a valve body enclosing a chamber having inlet and outlet ports, said chamber having an upwardly larlng cylindrical extension'in axial alinement with the outlet port, a valve adapted to yclose the outlet port, a piston secured to and disposed above said valve and disposed in said cylindrical chamber, said cylindrical chamber being provided above the piston with a vent and a float for controlling the discharge oi liqud through said vent.

9. A valve comprising a valve body en closing a chamber having inlet and outlet ports, a cylinder in alinement with the outlet port and 'forming an extension ol* said chamber, the diameter o'tl the cylinder increasing lqnvardly from said chamber, a valve associated with the outlet port, a differential piston secured to and disposed above the valve in said cylinder, leakage of liquid past the piston into said cylinder serving to produce a pressure to hold the valve to its seat, said cylinder being provided above the piston with a vent and means for controlling the discharge of liquid through said vent.

l0. A valve comprising a valve body enclosing a chamber having inlet and outlet ports, a valve adapted to close the outlet port, a piston on said valve having a top surface oi'greater area than its bottom surface, a chamber of increasing diameter upwardly in which said piston is disposed, whereby the rate of leakage past the piston varies in'accordance with the position of the piston in the chamber, and means for controlling the discharge of liquid from the chamber above the piston.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

DANIEL P. CORCORAN. 

